Formal Charge Exercise: CN

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- Oxidative cleavage of alkenes to ketones/carboxylic acids using KMnO4
- Oxidative Cleavage of Alkynes with KMnO4
- Oxidative Cleavage of Alkynes with Ozone (O3)
- Oxymercuration of Alkenes to form Ethers using Hg(OAc)2
- Oxymercuration of Alkynes
- Oxymercuration: Alcohols from alkenes using Hg(OAc)2 and Water
- Ozonolysis of alkenes to ketones and aldehydes (reductive workup)
- Partial reduction of alkynes to trans alkenes using sodium and ammonia
- Partial reduction of alkynes with Lindlar’s catalyst to give cis alkenes
- Pinacol Rearrangement
- Polymerization of dienes with acid
- Protection of alcohols as silyl ethers
- Protonation of alcohols to give oxonium ions
- Protonation of Grignard reagents to give alkanes
- Reaction of alkyl halides with water to form alcohols (SN1)
- Reaction of epoxides with nucleophiles under basic conditions
- Reactions of Diazonium Salts
- Reduction of aromatic ketones to alkanes with Pd/C and hydrogen
- Reduction of aromatic nitro groups to amino groups
- Reduction of carboxylic acids to primary alcohols using LiAlH4
- Reduction of esters to aldehydes using DIBAL
- Reduction of esters to primary alcohols using LiAlH4
- Reduction of nitriles to primary amines with LiAlH4
- Reductive Amination
- SN2 of Cyanide with Alkyl Halides to give Nitriles
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- SN2 reaction of alkoxide ions with alkyl halides to give ethers (Williamson synthesis)
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- SN2 reaction of amines with alkyl chlorides to give ammonium salts
- SN2 reaction of carboxylate ions with alkyl halides to give esters
- SN2 reaction of hydrosulfide ion with alkyl halides to give thiols
- SN2 reaction of organocuprates (Gilman reagents) with alkyl halides to give alkanes
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- SN2 reaction of water with alkyl halides to give alcohols
- Substitution (SN1) with hydride shift
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- The Gabriel synthesis of amines
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- The Malonic Ester Synthesis
- The Robinson Annulation
- Transesterification promoted by alkoxides
- Wittig Reaction – conversion of ketones/aldehydes to alkenes
- Wolff Kishner Reaction – conversion of ketones/aldehydes to alkanes
- Wolff Rearrangement
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