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carbonyls

Keto-Enol Tautomerism

An extensive introduction to keto-enol tautomerism in aldehydes and ketones, with mechanisms, quizzes, key concepts, references and more.

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Nucleophilic Addition To Carbonyls

Nucleophilic Addition To Carbonyls The most important reaction of the carbonyl group (C=O) is the addition of nucleophiles to the carbonyl carbon, sometimes called, “1,2-addition”.

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Proton Transfer

Proton Transfer All acid-base reactions are technically proton transfers, where a bond to H+ breaks, and a bond to H+ forms. However, the term “proton

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All About Enamines

Enamines – formation, properties, reactions, and mechanisms.  Enamines are formed from the reaction of a secondary amine with an aldehyde or ketone. Because they have

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