Two Important Reaction Patterns: Ortho- , Para- Directors and Meta- Directors It’s one thing to learn about electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions of benzene itself. But
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Ortho-, Para– and Meta– Directors In Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS), some substituents on benzene will direct the electrophile E to the ortho– (1,2)and para– (1,4) positions. These
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Why are halogens ortho-, para- directors? All activating groups are also ortho-, para- directors. Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) are notable in that they are deactivating ortho-, para- directors.
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Having gone through the mechanism of electrophilic aromatic substitution, explored activating and deactivating substituents, and seen the importance of directing groups, let’s now take the opportunity to
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