Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution (With Negatively Charged Nucleophiles) Yes, there are a lot of reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives to learn! In this article we’ll explore
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Basic Hydrolysis of Esters (Saponification) When esters are treated with sodium hydroxide, they are converted into carboxylate salts, which upon neutralization yield carboxylic acids. This
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Reducing Sugars Reducing sugars are small carbohydrates (usually containing one or two sugar units) that are capable of acting as reducing agents towards metal salts
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Carboxylic Acid to Ester Under Acidic Conditions (Fischer Esterification) The conversion of a carboxylic acid to an ester under acidic conditions is commonly known as
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Carboxylic acids… are acids. I know that seems obvious. But it’s a near certainty that students taking Org 2 for the first time will forget
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Functional Groups Summary Sheet I thought it would be good to make a summary sheet based on functional groups, so here one is: Functional Group
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Once you get a handle on oxidations and reductions, you might start to notice that with some molecules these reactions can proceed in sequences. For
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Amide Hydrolysis – Conversion of Amides To Carboxylic Acids In this post we discuss examples and mechanism of acidic hydrolysis of amides, as well as
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Reactions Of Diazomethane (CH2N2) And Their Mechanisms Diazomethane is a useful (albeit highly toxic and potentially explosive) reagent for the conversion of carboxylic acids to
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The Haloform Reaction When a methyl ketone is treated with base and a halogen (e.g. I2, Br2, or Cl2) it is converted into a carboxylic
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