Halogenation of Benzene via Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Unlike alkenes, benzene does not undergo rapid chlorination or bromination with Cl2 or Br2 When it does undergo
Read moreAromatic rings undergo nitration and sulfonation through the electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism. Aromatic rings can undergo nitration when treated with nitric acid HNO3 in addition to
Read moreNucleophilicity Of Amines The relative nucleophilicity of amines doesn’t get a lot of coverage in many organic chemistry courses, but if we’re going to cover
Read moreCahn Ingold Prelog Priorities (2): Determining R/S On Rings, Chains, And More In this post we’ll expand on the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) rules and show how
Read moreFriedel Crafts Alkylation and Acylation Aromatic rings will form C-C bonds when treated with alkyl or acyl halides in the presence of a strong Lewis
Read moreWhy Alkylation Of Amines (aka “The Williamson Ether Synthesis, But For Amines” ) Usually Doesn’t Pan Out Making a more-substituted amine from a less-substituted amine
Read moreThe Intramolecular Friedel-Crafts Reaction We explore the intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction in this post. But first, a very quick refresher on intramolecular reactions in general. Table
Read moreNucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (NAS) In many ways, nucleophilic aromatic substitution is the mirror opposite of electrophilic aromatic substitution. In Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution, an electron-poor aromatic ring
Read moreKinetic Versus Thermodynamic Control In Addition of HBr to Dienes: 1,2- and 1,4- Addition In today’s post we’ll discuss 1,2- and 1,4- addition to dienes
Read moreMaking Substituted Amines Through Reductive Amination Direct alkylation of amines with alkyl halides is a difficult reaction to control. One alternative that works extremely well
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